Layer 3 networking concepts booklet pdf

Network which uses shared media has high probability of. For the remainder of this text, the term networkwill. The layer 3 packet cant use layer 2 mac addresses, so the ip address scheme was created for layer 3. Electronic copies of this book in epub, pdf, and html are licensed under a. The more people in your network, the better your chances of finding that perfect job. The network layer layer 3 whereas layer 4 is concerned with transport of the packets within a communication channel, the network layer is concerned with the delivery of the packets.

Understanding layer 2, 3, and 4 protocols hile many of the concepts well known to traditional layer 2 and layer 3 networking still hold true in content switching applications, the area introduces new and more complex themes that need to be well understood for any successful implementation. Basics of tcpip, switching, routing and firewalling. This is done by specifying a default gateway address that points to a router or layer 3 switch. The ethernet specification is the result of an extensive collaborative effort of the three corporations, and several years of work at xerox on an earlier prototype ethernet. In an ip layer 3 network, the ip portion of the datagram has to be read. In a policybased vlan, ports are designated as always a member, never a member, or a potential member of the vlan. Notice that the bottom layer is identified as the first layer. An introduction to networking terminology, interfaces, and. Network interface layer d communication between a computer and network hardware. An ethernet switch is classified as a bridge and therefore operates at the data link layer while routers operate at the network layer. If managing the switch from a remote network, a default gateway must also be configured the ip information address, subnet mask, gateway is to be assigned to a switch svi switch virtual interface although these ip settings allow remote management and remote access to the switch, they do not allow the switch to route layer 3 packets. Careers ccna security supports students who plan to start a career, build a career, or switch focus in an it networking career to security technologies. Security certification, an individual demonstrates the skills required to develop a security infrastructure, recognize network threats and vulnerabilities, and mitigate security threats. What it really stands for in the networking world is open systems interconnection, as in the open systems interconnection reference model, affectionately known as the osi model.

Ip is the standard for routing packets across interconnected networkshence, the name internet. Network models are organized into layers, with each layer representing a specific networking function. The ethernet a local area network, data link layer and. Networking basics is the first course of the updated ccna v5 curriculum offered by the cisco networking academy. It covers the lan, internetworking and transport layers, focusing primarily on tcpip. This arbitrary placement or arbitrary topology as it is often called is typical ofwide area networks i. The tcpip protocol suite has no specific mapping to layers 5 and 6 of the model. Layer 3 switches technically have a lot in common with typical routers, and not just in physical appearance. Although a different frame at least as far as mac addresses are concerned is sent hopbyhop through the network, the data content of the frame, called the layer 3 packet, remains intact from source host to destination host.

Networking academy ccna, ccnp, network security, fundamentals of wireless lan, and ip telephony curricula. Advanced networking concepts applied using linux on ibm system z lydia parziale ben louie eric marins tiago nunes dos santos srivatsan venkatesan understand the ibm zvm failover concepts build a practical network solution using linux on system z configure routers and switches for redundancy. Each entity at a layer n communicates only with entities at layer n1. Layer 3 switches the layer 3 switch functions at the network layer and performs the multiport, virtual lan, data pipelining functions of a standard layer 2 switch. It can build up unreliable or reliable connections depending on the type of protocol used. Metropolitan area network man 32 wide area network wan 32 2. Data communication and computer network 8 let us go through various lan technologies in brief. Ipv6 multicast addresses are defined for a group of networking devices. Chapter 1 introduction to networking and the osi model.

Within the discussion of content networking, we will. Ip is a standard that defines the manner in which the network layers of two hosts interact. Data communication and computer network 3 generally, networks are distinguished based on their geographical span. Fundamentals of computer networking and internetworking. Ip addresses are 32 bit long, hierarchical addressing scheme. Preparing for handson activities 25 getting started with microsoft azure 25 1. A layer 3 switch is a specialized hardware device used in network routing. The figure below shows the ethernet protocol stack in relation to the tcpip protocol stack. A simpler strategy might be to include the price of the book in the course.

It is when used in concert with other works, in particular, that this book s being free is of marked advantage. Within the service layering semantics of the osi network architecture, the network layer responds to service requests from the transport layer and issues service requests to. Ipsec, vpn, and firewall concepts this appendix introduces the concepts of internet security protocol ipsec, virtual private networks vpns, and firewalls, as they apply to monitoring with performance monitor. This requires stripping off the datalink layer frame information. Advanced networking concepts applied using linux on ibm system z. This course describes the architecture, components, and operation of routers, and explains the principles of routing and. Example of portbased vlans policybased vlans a policybased vlan is a vlan in which ports are dynamically added to the vlan based on the traffic coming into the port. How useful is a layer 3 switch for network routing.

This document contains the specification of the ethernet, a local area network developed jointly by digital equipment corporation, intel corporation, and xerox corporation. Telecommunications concepts after a few ideas have sunk in, we move on to a highspeed data networking strategy, with the use of frame relay. This part of the book introduces networking concepts and explains both the osi. Introductiona network can be defined as a group of computers and other devices connected in some ways so as to be able to exchange data. For a more intuitive representation of ipv4 addresses, the 32 bits can be divided into four 4octet 1 octet, or byte, 8 bits groupings separated by dots, which is called dotteddecimal notation. The network basics of bridging, routing, and switching. An introduction to computer networks open textbook library. Both can support the same routing protocols, inspect incoming packets and make dynamic routing decisions based on the source and destination addresses inside. Protocol, layer that provides an abstraction for connecting multiple lans into, well, the internet.

Network is defined as a set of devices connected to each other using a physical transmission medium. This technology guide examines the concepts and realities oflayer 3 switching and the requirements common to any modern internetwork are identified. As mentioned before, the layer 3 header contains a source ip address field and a destination ip address field. In the seven layer osi model of computer networking, the network layer is layer 3. The link layer corresponds to the osi data link layer and may include similar functions as the physical layer, as well as some protocols of the osis network layer. Data pack ets sent to a multicast address are sent to the entire group of networking devices such as a group of routers running the same routing protocol. Chapter 2 communicating over the network 33 chapter 3 application layer functionality and protocols 63 chapter 4 osi transport layer 99 chapter 5 osi network layer 5 chapter 6 addressing the network. Os you are using and is running on osi layer 3 and 4 the network and transport layer. S1 is a layer 2 switch, so it makes forwarding decisions based on the layer 2 header. In order to send and direct data across a network, computers need to be able to identify destinations and origins. The network layer is responsible for packet forwarding including routing through intermediate routers.

Reviewed by john hoag, associate professor, ohio university on 2118. Bestselling authors and expert instructors keith barker and kevin wallace share preparation hints and testtaking tips, helping you identify areas of weakness and improve. The book is released under a creative commons licence. Every effort has been made to make this book as complete and as accurate as possible, but no warranty or fitness. A network can be as small as distance between your mobile phone and its bluetooth headphone and as large as the internet itself, covering the whole geographical world. The seven layers of the osi reference model osi sounds like the name of a topsecret government agency you hear about only in tom clancy novels.

Describe the functionality of lan, man, and wan networks. An ip address is just a set of four numbers between 1 and 254, separated by dots. Layer 3 networks are built to run on on layer 2 networks. Routing protocols and concepts, ccna exploration companion guide is the official supplemental textbook for the routing protocols and concepts course in the cisco networking academy ccna exploration curriculum version 4. This collection of computer networking mcq questions includes s of objective type multiple choice questions on basic network theory with network definition, network models, connectivity and network addressing, introduction to osi and tcpip network reference models, layers of tcpip and osi model with physical layer, data link layer, network layer, transport layer, session layer. Tcp segment structure reliable data transfer flow control connection management 3. Introduction a computer network is the infrastructure that allows two or more computers called hosts to communicate with each other. Explain the concepts and characteristics of routing and switching. Layer 3 the network layer layer 3, the network layer of the osi model, provides an endtoend logical addressing system so that a packet of data can be routed across several layer 2 networks ethernet,token ring, frame relay, etc. Ipv4 171 chapter 7 osi data link layer 243 chapter 8 osi physical layer 279 chapter 9 ethernet 3 chapter 10 planning and cabling networks 367.

Protocols on one layer will interact with protocols on the layer above and below it, forming a protocol suite or stack. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Learn the basics of risk analysis, industrial networking, and network security define the concepts of defense in depth and zones and conduits learn how to apply key risk mitigation techniques such as antivirus, patch management. Tcpip is responsible for you having an ipaddress and delivers the possibility to the computer to communicate with other systems using ipaddresses, a subnetmask, portnumbers and a. Preface the goal of this book is to provide a basic understanding of the technical design and architecture of the internet. Layer 2 networking concepts 205588a 3 3 figure 3 1. The lowest layer is the physical layer that defines the basic signalling on the medium. The text is extracted directly, wordforword, from the online course so students can highlight important points and take notes in the your chapter. Contents at a glance introduction 1 selfassessment 21 chapter 1 networking fundamentals 29 chapter 2 network models 43 chapter 3 concepts in ip addressing 73 chapter 4 working with cisco equipment 7 chapter 5 securing your cisco devices 173 chapter 6 basic switch operations and configuration 193 chapter 7 basic routing 229 chapter 8. Network security is not only concerned about the security of the computers at each end of the communication chain. Physical and data link layers through the use of bridges and repeaters.

Network security entails protecting the usability, reliability, integrity, and safety of network and data. The ohio state university raj jain 8 layer 3 vlans q also known as virtual subnet q vlan membership implied by mac layer protocol type field and subnet field 123. Introduction 3 network layer supervises hosttohost packet delivery hosts could be separated by several physical networks datalink layer provides nodetonode delivery, transport layer provides processtoprocess delivery major basic network layer duties addressing. Principles, protocols and practice, release techniques allow to create pointtopoint links while radiobased techniques, depending on the directionality of the antennas, can be used to build networks containing devices spread over a small geographical area. Layer 3 layer 4 layer 5 d descriptive model formed after tcpip protocols were devised. Layer 3 switches are compared to traditional multiprotocol routers. The tcp and udp transports map to layer 4 transport. Tcpip tutorial and technical overview lydia parziale david t. The user services commonly associated with tcpip networks map to layer 7 application.

This level of networking utilizes ports to address different services. When we talk about layer 2 and layer 3 networking, it is these layers that. Ethernet ethernet is a widely deployed lan technology. Britt chuck davis jason forrester wei liu carolyn matthews nicolas rosselot understand networking fundamentals of the tcpip protocol suite introduces advanced concepts and new technologies includes the latest tcpip protocols front cover. Introduction photo and see lots of wires on a single pole, it generally means they were telephone wires and not used to carry electricity. Each layer plays its part in moving data from one device to another across a net. If multiple networks are connected to a switch, you need to specify how the switch forwards the internetwork frames, because the path must be determined at layer three. Tcpip tutorial and technical overview ibm redbooks. It is demonstrated that layer 3 switching is simply a reinvention of the router using new switchbased technologies. This identification is an ipinternet protocoladdress. Note that network layer addresses can also be referred to as logical addresses. After frame relay, we discuss the use of atm for its merits and benefits. Warning and disclaimer this book is designed to provide information about the cisco network fundamentals ccna exploration course.

Module 4 discuss how broadcast are performed, the devices that work at the network layer, then we explain in details what happens to the data that facilitates its transmission over the network. In this section, you will learn about the access, distribution, and core layers and their role in the hierarchical network model. The practice of implementing multiple layers of protection is known as defense in depth. Apr 06, 2014 layer 3 refers to the third layer of the open systems interconnection osi model, which is the network layer. It is an encapsulating protocol similar to the way ethernet is an encapsulating protocol. A layer 3 switch is a highperformance device for network routing. A router works with ip addresses at layer 3 of the model. The data exchanged, known as protocol data unit pdu, goes back and forth through the layers, each layer adds or removes. It can also perform basic routing functions between virtual lans. Best effort has been made to make this book as complete and.

This technology was invented by bob metcalfe and d. It is a reference model that specifies standards for communications protocols and also the functionalities of each layer. Explain devices, applications, protocols and services at their appropriate osi layers. When humans talk on the phone, they make a call, talk for a while, and then hang up. Layer 3 network layer overview next we move on to the network layer, layer 3 of the osi model which controls broadcast domains. Advanced networking concepts applied using linux on ibm. All of the above 12 what is a firewall in computer network. Presentation application session transport network data link physical layer 7 layer 6 layer 5 layer 4 layer 3 layer 2 layer. This course is intended for students how are interested in pursuing a career in i. Introducing basic network concepts 3 basetech networking concepts team 2230894 blind folio 3 figure 1. The most significant protocol at layer 3 also called the network layer is the internet protocol, or ip. Before becoming an instructor for ecpi, he spent almost 30.

For example, a computer network is a group of computers connected with each other to communicate and share information and resources. Here we go with the basic networking questions and answers. When we talk about layer 2 and layer 3 networking, it is these layers that were referring to, and logically the further up the osi model we move, the greater intelligence we can use in networking decisions. The internet layer is used to transport data from node to node in a network. The book is more sufficiently comprehensive for an a single or introductory networking class for in an ee or cs program. Multiple choice questions of computer networking 11 computer network is a. Wireless networking technology from principles to successful implementation steve rackley amsterdam boston heidelberg london new york oxford paris san diego. These comparisons are based on the original seven layer protocol model as defined in iso 7498, rather than refinements in the internal organization of the network layer.

This book is designed to provied information about the current network communication protocols. A blog to start the best understanding of network implementation and to the troubleshooting of layer 2 and layer 3 protocols. The network achieves this by providing a set of rules for communication, called protocols, which should be observed by all participating hosts. The network layer provides the means of transferring variablelength network packets from a source to a destination host via one or more networks. An introduction to computer networksis a free and open generalpurpose computer networking textbook, complete with diagrams and exercises. The layout pattern using which devices are interconnected is called as network topology. The transport layer is responsible for communication between processes. The book is aimed at all audiences even those with absolutely no prior tech. Computer networking 101 hh rev1 page 8 ethernet ethernet is a lower layer network protocol is commonly used with tcpip and over lans.